Annotated Bibliography On Sustainable Tourism Development
Question
Task: You need to select five contemporary research articles on the challenges associated with sustainable tourism development and develop an Annotated Bibliography.
Answer
Executive Summary
From the review of the five contemporary articles based on identifying the issues of sustainable tourism development, it is evaluated that there are different factors responsible for creating barriers. The lack of participation of the local communities, emotional attachment to regions and location, poor planning system and failure to integrate environment policies acts as barriers in developing the tourism industry. The articles through different data collection method and use of strategy have reflected on the poor internal operations that have not supported in sustainable development. It is majorly located that the fault resides with the government and the management of the organization. Apparently, through changes in the workforce, the management can pave the path for embedding sustainability. It is also assessed from the article that through the use of SWOT or TOWS matrix the regional location can use the strengths and the opportunities and mitigate the threats. All actions do not narrow down to sustainable tourism development according to the author.
The articles have collectively stated that the institutional paradigm and the corporate structure being weak in nature do restrict from having sustainable tourism development. Therefore, the sustainable development practices in the tourism in future needs to take into consideration of the factors so that it encounters less numbers of issues. The articles have focused on strategic approach, case studies and mixed research method to gather information.
Introduction
The assignment is presented in the form of annotated bibliography by using 5 contemporary articles discussing on the challenges faced for sustainable tourism development. The articles have been discussed chronologically by using Rationale, Methods, and Ideas on sustainable tourism development, Findings and Conclusion and ending with personal reflection.
Article 1
Acha-Anyi, P. N. (2016). Planning and development of sustainable tourism products in local communities.African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 5(3), 1-20.
Rationale: According to Acha-Anyi, (2016), it is evident that without the participation of the local community, sustainable tourism development is not possible. The article aims to investigate the role and the issue that occurs without the participation of the local community. For any historical location or any site, the permission and engagement of the community members are essential. CSR approaches are close ties to community engagement. Therefore without it, sustainable tourism development will remain incomplete.
The article has recognized different cultural traits and the diversity present in the location. However, the lack of tourism planning again creates issues for the development plan.
Ideas about SD: Community engagement can foster tourism aspects but without it, the development will be incomplete. The article has highlighted the significance of community ownership which acts as a major barrier of not accounted for properly while planning.
Method: The method used in the research is about the case study approach through which how the community can act as a negative factor and even turn the situation upside down is reflected. Both quantitative and qualitative method is used in this research so that relevant information can be gathered.
Findings and Conclusion: From the literature review, cultural traits and diversity are highly important for sustainable tourism development that can act as a barrier of not identified at the time of tourism planning. From the article, hence it can be concluded that community engagement acts as a barrier if not taken care of and the cultural traits will also have to be considered.
Personal Reflection: From an overall perspective, with the use of both qualitative and quantitative measures and data collection method, relevant information is gathered. The article has pinpointed one important factor of community engagement that can cause issue in tourism development.
Article 2
Baum, T. (2018). Sustainable human resource management as a driver in tourism policy and planning: a serious sin of omission?.Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(6), 873-889.
Rationale: According to Baum (2018), employment policies have not being reformed in the tourism industry. Sustainability is not confined to only environmental measures but addresses the legal and social factors as well. The employment policies of the em CSR approaches need to take care of the employees as well. Employees are not being updated and this has created an issue in achieving sustainability. The research gap identified in this article is that many journal papers have focused on the environmental measures that are not reviewed by the tourism industry but rarely have focused on the legal policies of the employees. Sustainability is linked up to the CSR approach. The aim of the research is to highlight the issue of lack of employment policy in sustainable tourism development.
Method: The method used for the research is the qualitative approach where the focus has been shifted to the application of the HRM model. Theories and concepts that need to be improvised for employment policies are being discussed in the article.
Ideas about SD: Sustainable development is not only about promoting environmental measures but also about addressing the social and legal aspects.
Findings and Conclusion: The author has concluded mainly on the roles that people and performance places in promoting sustainability. Therefore, as a key point, it is highlighted that the HRM model suitable for the business requirements needs to be adopted. Baum has figured out that with sustainability, decent work will come into the concept and make the employees give high performance.
Personal Reflection: The article, however, could have used a quantitative research method through which the response of the employees could have been collected. Contrary to it, the article has well discussed the reforms of the employment policies that need to be developed for having sustainable tourism development.
Article 3
Brendehaug, E., Aall, C., &Dodds, R. (2017). Environmental policy integration as a strategy for sustainable tourism planning: issues in implementation. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(9), 1257-1274.
Rationale: The aim of the article was to explore the issue that organizations and government faces in implementing the environmental policies in the public policies. The authors though have used this implementation as a solution but it acts as a barrier in times of implementation. The weak structure of the organization forbids from the implementation of policies. The employment policies and sustainable operations are interlinked as recognized in the research. Thus, the major challenge as identified from the research is the review and reform of the employment policies and the development of the workforce environment.
Ideas about SD: Institutional changes are not favorable to the policies at times and thus restricting sustainable tourism development.
Method: The method used is the case study analysis approach for gathering the information about the issue. For illustration, Norwegian government policy is interconnected with the issue and the factors causing the issue are identified. The article has recognized that it is important to leverage the internal environment like implementing governmental policies for fostering sustainability. However, employee engagement and the policies are not yet reformed thus becoming a challenge.
Findings and Conclusion: From the article, the authors have rightly concluded that lack of infrastructure, weak corporate structure and institutional changes creates adversity to development. Thus, it is concluded that apart from lack of planning system, structures do act as barriers.
Personal Reflection: The article has explored such factors which are not considered in the periphery of sustainable tourism development however act as major barriers.
Article 4
Dai, L., Wang, S., Xu, J., Wan, L., & Wu, B. (2017). Qualitative Analysis of Residents′ Perceptions of Tourism Impacts on Historic Districts: A Case Study of Nanluoguxiang in Beijing, China. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 16(1), 107-114.
Rationale: The aim of the article is to highlight the obstruction that comes from rural and historic sites for sustainable tourism development. The authors have rightly pointed out that historic sites are undoubtedly gaining significance for tourism purposes. However, a major obstruction is coming from the end of the rural people. Previous researchers have identified obstruction due to lack of infrastructure in rural locations but has not considered the perspective of the community. From the literature review, it is clear that indigenous people do have an emotional attachment with their place and this acts as a barrier for development.
Method: The method used for the article, study location is identified and the analysis is done based on the experience of the community people and the attachment with the place. Primary qualitative analysis is chosen as the method of data collection were interview questions are also asked to the samples.
Ideas about SD: Implementing innovation or changes in the site structure creates a negative feeling among them as to their cultures are being attacked.
Findings and Conclusion: From the article and brief discussion in the literature review, it has been recognized that historic sites like in Beijing have created an emotional attachment for the people. Therefore this acts as one of the barriers in sustainable tourism development.
Personal Reflection: Personally, the article through the interview questions and the qualitative analysis has rightly pointed out the sentiments of the indigenous people attached to their place. From personal experience, the author has well communicated the issue and linked up with the literature review with sufficient information.
Article 5
Ki?i, N. (2019). A Strategic Approach to Sustainable Tourism Development Using the A’WOT Hybrid Method: A Case Study of Zonguldak, Turkey. Sustainability, 11(4), 964.
Rationale: This article though has discussed the way of mitigating the sustainable problem in rural areas by taking Zonguldak in Turkey as the focused area of the research, yet it has thrown sufficient light on the issues that were linked with sustainable development. According to Ki?i, (2019), tourist planning mainly lacks the system of development programs. Cooperative efforts are found to be missing as stated in the article. The aim of the research first points out the issues and then accordingly develops strategies for combating with them. The research gap has been that previous kinds of literature have focused on using quality management strategies but none have used a marketing approach.
Method: The strategic approach has been used as the method in the research that has focused on the A'WOT' method has also been used that helps to develop the quantitative information which will in a better way suggest the strategic planning to be undertaken. However, it is seen that many firms lack this knowledge of the application of the strategy.
Ideas about SD: Strategic planning can help to mitigate the issue but again the management has to be cautious of the methods that will be implemented
Findings and Conclusion: From the article, it has been recognized that lack of planning system is the main culprit causing the issue in sustainable development. Therefore, it would not be wrong to oversee that the strategic marketing approach can also increase sustainable development but it has to be identified accurately.
Personal Reflection: The article personally has in a good way explored a new approach of mitigating the issue and also pointing out the issue that has been present with sustainable tourism development.
