Cloud computing assignment: Proposing AWS Solution for Hallmark
Question
Task: Develop a detailed and well research cloud computing assignment identifying the cloud solution to help Hallmark to overcome the drawbacks and issues.
Answer
Introduction
Aim
The aim of this report on cloud computing assignment is to implement the cloud solution into the Hallmark organization and migrate fromtraditional business process to cloudcomputing.
Scope
This report will discuss onimplementation of one of the services to migrate the current business process of Hallmark to cloud computing. Over the global environment, this business process transformed into cloud computing with the implementation of cloud solutions and the adoption of Cloud computing for the business to grow (Ferreiraet al., 2020).
Objective
Due to certain issues in the current business process, the organization has decided to mitigate it to the cloud and benefit the organization in many ways.
The AWS cloud solution is being proposed to improve and overcome the issues (Venkateswaran, 2017).
The concept that is used is pay-as-you-go billing(Attaran and Woods, 2019).
The organization has got some ethical, governance, maintenance, and security issues in both the proposed cloud solutions and the traditional business process (Ali and Haseebuddin, 2015).
Therefore, the overall report on cloud computing assignment provides guidelines for the implementation of cloud computing to overcome the current business process and have a better experience for the upcoming future(Abirami and Pattabiraman, 2016).
Business Process Explanation or Application
In this cloud computing assignment, the industry that is chosen is Hallmark which was founded by Joyce C. in 1910(Goodwin, 2014). The company's main business is about greeting cards and the business process is to order post pictures and send cards to the people with good wishes in shoeboxes. The supply of greeting cards is done to the retailers and the retailers than produce it to the consumers. The business sells products related to cards, gift wraps with 30 languages that get distributed to around 100 countries. The business of Hallmark Cards facilitates the expression of personal feelings. It connects people and brings a difference through inspiration. It builds a business connection with B2B partners. The major businesses of Hallmarks are Hallmark United Kingdom, Hallmark Japan, Hallmark Australia, Hallmark Europe, and Hallmark Canada. The operations in addition to it are mainly New Zealand, Germany, France, Netherlands, and Belgium. The business has 12 subsidiaries with net revenue of approx. $4.2 billion from the time 1999 throughout worldwide. Now, with the trending technology, it's time for the company to migrate to the cloud.
The business process for the company's retail system has its main concern on the stores and the stakeholders. As the company's age is based on legacy software. The retailers had to maintain the information of the customersalong with their reviews and feedbacks. The retailers have to purchase expensive software and hardware with their servers and storage devices to maintain the infrastructure (Alamoudi and Alamoudi, 2016). A huge amount of data is generated through the system of POS (Point of Sale). There are not many resources available to store and maintain those data that are of large amounts and are generated through POS (Point of Sale). A case has happened with the industry once were that at a certain point in time, there was an issue created at the store while processing the payment through the credit card which was a big problem in the business and even the email goes down (Rashid and Chaturvedi, 2019).
Now with the use of cloud computing, this issue could be easily reduced. The time has come for the company to take some strategic decisions to migrate to the cloud and leave the traditional business process and come up with their internal retail system based on the IT service model within the capital expenditure and the assets that are associated with the management to leverage the power of computing (Liuet al., 2016).The adoption of the technology of cloud computing provides a major benefitthat includes cost reduction, flexibility, scalability, and less time.The Hallmark retail organization has a web presence and get launched to the cloud. With the implementation of cloud computing, retailers can focus on business with hassle-free(Di Martino, Cretella and Esposito, 2017).
Since AWS is a mixture of IaaS, SaaS, and PaaS. Therefore, the company has greater benefits for the cloud at the same time. The benefits that the AWS cloud provides are mentioned in the following section of cloud computing assignment:
1) It is a faster way of developing and deploying applications.
2) There is no necessity of focusing on the infrastructure but needs to focus on business differentiation through the project.
3) The monthly cost becomes low when the investment to the upfront infrastructure is replaced (Ellman, Lee and Jin, 2018).
4) The overall cost of IT also reduces.
5) The need of guessing the infrastructure capacity easily gets eliminated.
6) The enterprise can work in a global environment.
Now in the business process of Hallmark, there is a rapid deployment of AWS where there is no need to wait to host the servers or have any kind of commitment to fix the number of servers in any co-location for more than a year (Stieningeret al., 2018). This helps in significant savings of time and money while launching the website.This is simply replacing the traditional infrastructure to AWS cloud services.
Through this information provided in the cloud computing assignment, our retail organization has the advantage of AWS cloud services with agility and cost-effectiveness. This helps the business to innovate and have a quality differentiation with customer services (Odun-Ayoet al., 2018). Our cloud platform allows the retail customer to minimize the operational cost through a global web presence.With a global footprint, the Hallmark business could serve the customers locally and improves the load times of the page for images of the product, promotions, and mode of payment (Rao, 2016). The Hallmark retailers will now better understand the customers through the AWS cloud, and analyze such a huge number of the customer with quick transactional data and low cost. Some special tools analyze the data in the cloud and with cost-effective storage with just a tap(Saaet al, 2017). The Hallmark retailers will then have a transformation of data through POS systems with loyalty programs, with the business insight of customer databases and build low-cost personalized promotions.
Cloud Deployment Requirement
The reason for deploying cloud in the organization is to manage and monitor the infrastructure of the datacenter for computing, storing, and networking. The organization has decided to get the infrastructure from the cloud service provider (Khan and Al-Yasiri, 2016). The initial system provision, scalability and falls in connectivity to the vendor. The organization would need a team of system administration so that the system could be managed and monitor for the maintenance and firewall aspects. The organization will need to manage its middleware, runtime, applications, and data loss. The cloud vendor also provides databases and messaging queues.
For the deployment of cloud computing in the Hallmark business process, it is stated herein cloud computing assignmentthat the AWS cloud deployment model is used (Jouini and Rabai, 2019).The services of deployment that will be shown, have easy ways to deploy the application with the core infrastructureof tool handling that needs AWS resources for applications to run (Arjun and Vinay, 2016). The application could be managed with different deployment methods as each of its services has something unique in it.
1) Cloud-The deployment of the cloud-based application is run through the cloud. The creation or migration of the existing infrastructure is done for the applications through the cloud. Thus, this helps the Hallmark business process to take advantage of cloud computing (Sen and Choudhury, 2017). Low- level infrastructure or high-level services are given abstraction from the scaling, management, architecting requirements by building cloud-based applications of core infrastructure.
2) Hybrid-Now with the hybrid deployment, the applications with the cloud-based resources also with the resources that are not located (Abbas, Maennel and Assar, 2017). The infrastructure of the organization can use the hybrid deployment to an extent and grow while connecting with the resources of the cloud through the internal system with the existing on-premises infrastructure and the cloud.
3) On-premises - The on-premises is a private cloud that does not give many benefits of cloud computing but by using the tools of resource management and virtualization, it provides some dedicated resources (Diaby and Rad, 2017). As previously the organization was using the legacy IT infrastructure to increase resource utilization. The same case is happening with these deployment models.
Looking into the case scenario portrayed in the cloud computing assignment, it can be stated that the service models that will be used in Hallmark are Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS),Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS) (Rani, 2017).
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)-The IaaS provides features of networking, storage space od data in computers through the basic building block This model provides the level of flexibility and management which is high and the control the business IT resources (Khan et al., 2017).
Platform as a Service (PaaS)-In PaaS, there is no need to manage the infrastructure of the organization but need to focus on application management and deployment.These help the business to run the applications with efficiency. There is no concern about software maintenance, resource procurement, patching, or capacity planning.
Software as a Service (SaaS)- In SaaS, the service provider of the business can run and manage the complete product. This product is referred mostly to the end-user applications. There is no need to maintain or managed underline infrastructure. The only thing that is needed is to know about the use of the software and however, the Hallmark business process was already using the web-based email to receive and send messages.The reason for which Amazon Web Services is used is because of the mixture of all the three service models. With these AWS models, the organization gets tools like contain delivery services, database storage, and computer power.
As it is already known that AWS is built through the internal infrastructure of Amazon.com. The same concept is being implemented for the online retail operation of Hallmark also where the model of pay-as-you-go basis is used to scale up the users with computing, throughput, or storage.Based on the user's need, the services of AWS can be configured in many different ways.
What are the cloud computing solutions and justifications based on the above scenario of cloud computing assignment?
The AWS cloud delivers infrastructure services that are scalable and flexible that is given to the business to match the workload and tasks. It has mixed resources for specific applications (Morav?íket al., 2017). The design of the architecture is such that the implementation cost no much damage to the process of doing the business. There are various resources to set up and manage at a very low cost. To justify, below are the points that can be considered to get better clarification.
1. Data Management & Data Transfer
To transport the data into the cloud, it is determined herein cloud computing assignment that there are deviceslike AWS snowball and AWS snowmobile that are designed and used to transfer the data in and out of AWS in large amounts with security (Correia, 2019).AWS Data-Sync is used to transfer the services of data which is easy for the business to automate data between Amazon S3 or Amazon EFS and on-premises storage (Attaran, Attaran and Celik, 2017).With AWS Direct Connect, the network connection becomes easy to establish from the organization, colocation offices to the AWS and also reduces the network costs, increases the throughput of the bandwidth and receives consistent network experience.
2. Compute & Networking
The AWS has various compute instance types to get the configuration as per the need of the organization (Johnsen, Lin and Yu, 2016). The feature that is used to compute is the EC2 instance. With Amazon EC2 instances, networking gets enhanced with higher bandwidth and latency with low inter-instance compare to the traditional one.
3. Storage
In business, the storage cost and option are important and critical factors. However, AWS offers the file storage for the permanent requirement of storage (Guptaet al, 2020). With Amazon EC2, the organization can use Amazon EBS as a block storage volume. Amazon S3 can store and access unlimited data of any type in presence of the internet. Amazon EFS gives scalable file storage with Amazon EC2 instances when it is connected to the AWS cloud.
4. Operations & Management
Avoid the overrun cost and monitor the infrastructure with the system administrators will manage the organization's need. In the AWS cloud, the Amazon CloudWatch is used to monitor and manage the service that is built for the developers, IT managers, Site Reliability Engineers (SRE), and operators. There are actionable insights and data provided by the cloud to monitor the applications, and also understand the system-wide performance changes, to utilize the resources. The industry is provided with the ability to set the custom budgets by using the page of the AWS Budgets section and allow them to get alerts on exceeding the budgeting amount.
5. Visualization Tools
It is stated in this cloud computing assignmentthat the engineering results can easily be visualized, where massive data were moved to the cloud which is one of the important aspects. The turnaround times helps in accelerating remote visualization for engineering to design significantly.
6. Compliance and Security
With AWS, the Hallmark could get multiple security services and also templates that are quickly launched and makes the creation simple. Data security and regulatory compliance are implemented with best practices. The infrastructure of AWS protects the privacy of the customer (Sharma and Joshi, 2018). The AWS data center is highly secure and all the data are collected and stored in it. The AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) gives a robust solution to manage the roles, groups, and users and get access to specific data sources. With Amazon Security Token Service (Amazon STS), the user gets temporary access. The infrastructure contains compliance programs indozens that manage the AWS which completes some part of the compliance segments (Langmead and Nellore, 2018).
Hallmark can be converted from a retail hardware supplier to a Retail-as-a-Service cloud solution. Through the vendor of global IT, a complete service-based solution is provided to the business through a private cloud. Now the Retail.net environment is running through the SaaS software along with the PoS systems which are connected to the retail chain (Moravcik, Segec and Kontsek, 2018).
There is PoS integration, management services with real-time inventory, ordering service, and installation, support, and maintenance services.
The company's goal was not to mitigate toward the cloud but the model was drawn to serve all the stakeholders of Hallmark's with cost-effectiveness, scalability, and greater flexibility in addition to new capabilities (Agarwal and Srivastava, 2017).
With the service model, the retail environment gets a faster response when migrated to the cloud. However, in the business, there was no issue in the delivery mechanism (Mukherjee, 2019). It was difficult to understand whether the cloud or the on-premise solution is better. So, it is recommended to use the hybrid model where both the cloud and the on-premise solution is capable. Thus, this meets the companies’ requirements(Alamoudi and Alamoudi, 2016). When it was decided to put the company's data into the cloud, it became easier to run the business as it provides high availability which is very much required in the retail sector.The business will now operate as Retail-as-a-Service from the Service cloud and has its TierIII + certified data center.
Cloud Computing Solutions Issues
With the implementation of cloud computing, certain issues have also arrived due to which possible suggestions were made to resolve these issues and reap out maximum benefit from cloud computing.There is no need to maintain or managed underline infrastructure.
As the migration of cloud computing, the organization has raised many issues of cloud computing. These issues are adapted to the business which includes ethical, governance, maintenance, and security. Each of these issues is discussed below:
Ethical Issue
There are certain ethical issues in cloud computing like privacy, confidentiality, security, integrity, and availability which are supposed to be protected by the service provider as it is there duty to safeguard the information and data stored in the data center. As the customer's data are confidential which cannot be disclosed.
Meanwhile, the legal framework and policies of cloud computing have some issues when the organization gets breached through unknown vendors. Many cloud providers give unrelated or false information to the organization which the users are unable to understand the main cause of the attacks (Amara, Zhiqui and Ali, 2017). The reason for such an attack has no effective control over the third parties’ regulations for which the issues cannot be assisted.
There are high chances that the service provider can outsource sensitive data and information to third parties without letting know the organization (Jain and Mahajan, 2017). This happens due to a lack of audit records which creates ethical issues and users cannot understand the reason behind the data that are retrieved, accessed, and used.Poor background checks of the employees at some point in time could also lead to insider attacks which is another cause of ethical issues that arise in cloud computing.
Security Issue
The cloud system has to be secure and things that are considered in security are confidentiality, availability, and integrity(Attaran, Attaran and Celik, 2017). Security has become the major management issue which might get vulnerable to unauthorized parties. To avoid such vulnerabilities, certain security major has been taken care of the software, hardware, application, and data.
Confidentiality and Privacy- Since the use of cloud computing allows an authorized person to have access to data that is confidential (Moravcik, Segec and Kontsek, 2018). These results in losing and getting exposed to organizational data, data confidentiality, and sensitivity.
The data retention strategy leads to a data breach over the internet platform. Due to frequent access by the unauthorized userresults in weak access control andinfrastructuresof Application Programming Interface (API) that is the top IS management issue which is the main causein privacy and confidentiality of using cloud computing.
In privacy issues, there are also legal challenges about the data stored in the cloud as each country has its law and jurisdiction. This is one of the serious issues which become difficult to apply the law for privacy breach. Integrity – In integrity, only the person who is authorized to make the changes in hardware, software, and data (Johnsen, Lin and Yu, 2016). Many users have the same resources to share in the cloud for which it becomes important to ensure that the authorized person had got the necessary permissions where they could gain access to read, update and modify the data. For example, there can be a case in the organization where for some reason the employee is not happy with the work and may want to make certain changes and delete the data. Through authentication, the issues can be easily resolved and permissions would be given to identify the issue. For the organization, the practice to check thedata handling becomes difficult, because the cloud service provider has the main concern when the data is handled lawfully.
Availability – For availability, the hardware, software, and data are accessible and are on demand. It ensures that the system works with no interruptions even if there is any kind of security breach.There is no guarantee of availability by the service providers, the reason is that to make the function of cloud computing,there is a need for internet services (Ali and Haseebuddin, 2015). From this, it can be clearly understood that the availability issue is also the major issue of the cloud.By the coming year, the issues that are arising would not be a serious issue as the researcher and other organizations who are taking care of this are continuously researching on it.
Governance Issues
There are certain policies and procedures as mentioned in this cloud computing assignment that the government should ensure to be implemented in the IT assets (Faizi and Rahman, 2019). Also need to ensure that these assets are maintained and controlled properly.
The governance does not allow Information Technology to have full control over the infrastructure of the business which increased the difficulty in the implementation of cloud computing (Alamoudi and Alamoudi, 2016). While making some transition with the cloud there are certain risks and uncertainty that need to be mitigated. And this is the reason for which IT has to adapt some traditional governance rules and control the business process that includes the cloud computing processes. This will help to evolve the IT team over the cloud. Above this, the third-party cloud provider provides some best governance practices and support (Mohammed, Ibrahim and Ithnin, 2016).
Maintenance Issues
The cloud computing business models will disrupt industrial maintenance. The reason identified in this context of cloud computing assignment is that all the vendors are building their platform and services through the cloud(Kouatli, 2016). The vendor equips opportunities to bring out solutions for the maintenance of a portfolio based on cloud services with a paradigm of Maintenance-as-a-Service. Safety is a key problem in the maintenance of cloud computing. However, the cost of maintenance is expensive to some extends (Brabra, 2016). At this moment, the organization has to develop certain strategies that are necessary to adapt to manage the change strategy.
However, the implementation issue is also another part of the maintenance issue because the organization might face difficulties in determining which of the data could be moved into the cloud and which needs to be kept within the traditional business process. Another concern is the cloud data mitigation with no interference throughout the business. Initially, it may become difficult to integrate the traditional in-house application with the cloud application. But that won't be the only way out. A possible solution would be provided.
Implementation of the Proposed Cloud Computing Solution
With the implementation of the AWS cloud as a solution, the Hallmark business capital expenses are not much as invested in data centers and servers. The organization would need to pay only for the computing resources that are consumed(Coppolinoet al., 2017). If the economic scale is considered through AWS, it is considerably low prices because the industry has to just follow the pay-as-you-go pricing model for billing. The solution to common problems is resolved faster with the use of the AWS platform. Through the AWS architects, the solutions to AWS implementations are vetted. The designs are effective, secure, the cost is also efficient and reliable.
The capacity needs of the infrastructure are eliminated while deciding on application deployment. In a traditional business process, the organization will end up either with expensive resources or have limited capacity. When the AWS cloud computing is implemented, the limitation or the expensiveness goes away. The authorized person can access as per their need and scale up or scale down accordingly. The environment of AWS cloud has many new IT resources, for which the time is reduced to make available these resources by just a minute (Di Martino, Cretella and Esposito, 2017). There is a dramatic increase in the organization's agility because the cost and time have taken to develop and the experiment gets lower significantly. The use of the AWS cloud has the focus of the business rather than maintaining the infrastructure of the data centers.
Now, Hallmark can focus mostly on their customers. With a few clicks, the cloud could be deployed easily in any of the regions wherever the branches are located around the world. This means Hallmark can provide a better experience with low latency for those customers who comes to the store and get their product with minimal cost and less time. As in the above section, it is already mentioned that the implementation issue is also another part of the maintenance issue. So to overcome that proper solution is provided.
Conclusion
From the above cloud computing assignment, it can be concluded that the activities of the Hallmark strategy follow the retail concept which is switched to the cloud. As a service, it provides certain benefits it gives a clear idea about the cloud concept. The Hallmark business process is revolutionized by cloud computing. Retail-as-a-Service is the strategic way Hallmark has a switch to the cloud. The report has shown where the strategic choice was made to make the whole business a cloud-based retail business. The adoption of the cloud helps the organization grow exponentially and the report had also discussed what all benefits the business has realized when migrated to the cloud. The industry could also afford the cost of maintenance with all the benefits that the industry could utilize from the cloud. The cloud computing assignmenthas defined in detail the technology of cloud computing. Instead of having the investment done in software and hardware, the Hallmark Card can use the services of cloud computing from the service provider of the cloud.
However, there are ethical, governance, security, and maintenance challenges that have affected significantly the cloud services. In the present case of cloud computing assignment, it is highly recommended that to avoid such challenges it is better to use an anti-malware system or antivirus for protecting the data from breaches.
Now with the implementation of cloud computing, the organization demand had reached a higher standard with exponential growth. The huge amount of data is stored from anywhere, there is a demand for products and services, to improve and maintain the customers’ relationships with the market segment, track the marketing trends with various brands. Thus, the cloud service providers have secure data and information of customers and the adoption of cloud in the retail business of Hallmark has brought a complete change.
Therefore, this makes sense that the information system of the business is extremely important to implement the cloud for economic benefits and faster growth. Cloud computing is not just to achieve cost benefits in terms of software and hardware. It is implemented for building a prerequisite strategy for developing business of the Hallmarks overall activities and with time it will lead to flexibility and effectiveness. With a few clicks, the cloud could be deployed easily in any of the regions wherever the branches are located around the world. ?
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