(SVY1500) Spatial science assignment for examination questions related to spatial science

Question

Task: One of the fundamental axioms of surveying is ‘Working from the Whole to the Part’. You have been asked to establish control survey network at the USQ Springfield campus for topographical mapping of campus area. Describe in your spatial science assignment how this principle can be applied for control point densification for topographical mapping in USQ Springfield campus. Reduce the observations from station C to determine the reduced bearing, vertical angle and height difference to station B. Determine the coordinates of stations, linear misclose, direction end of traverse back to the start and precision/accuracy and the misclose ratio/accuracy. Who is leading the upgrade (national) of the Australian geodetic datum and implementation of new geodetic datum in Australian states Discuss the timeframes and stages of implementation of new “geodetic” datum GDA2020 in Australia?

Answer

Answer 1(A) of the spatial science assignment
Applying Working from the Whole to the Part
The surveyor is finding the distance between two known elements those one kilometre distance from surveyor. For instance, collecting distance, separate distance, measuring with cloth tape, measuring using steel tapes, measuring using co-ordinates through GPS receiver and solving for the distance. Or various other methods available, measuring through electronic distance measurement.

In general, the surveyor is requiringdeveloping the plan of provided area of the large urban development with approximate five kilometres by ten kilometres in extent. As per the spatial science assignment instead the surveyor should carry out the control survey establishing the network of accuracy finding the control point through specific area, each with the similar positional accuracy. This would be done through triangulation, traverse, trilateration, GPS capture and engaged with these methods.

However, as per the spatial science assignmentthe surveyor would not initiate at specific one corner of that area and survey individual point of details in turn until the complete area has covered. In fact, the error in measurement would be collect as the survey progressed until at specific point which would become extreme. For this case, the network could be supply the control points from that the area and details to be mapped which could be significantly required to survey.

Due to short distance includes at individual stage, the measurements made can be the poor accuracy whereas it require still maintain the same accuracy for the recognised points. As per the spatial science assignment it require minimum error for specific system deal with the economic surveys, as the less accurate measurements are lesser costly. This working system from the complete to the part of the employed in each surveys ranging through geodetic network of the national extent down to the less mapping surveys.

Answer 1(B) of the spatial science assignment
The following horizontal and zenith angles were observed from station C to stations Aand B. The Height of Instrument (HI) at Point C is 1.625m and Height of Target (HT) atPoint B is 1.525m. Horizontal angles were booked using the bearing method and zenithangles were observed in the vertical plane. The set bearing from C to A was 183°30'00".Reduce the observations from station C to determine the reduced bearing, vertical angleand height difference to station B. To obtain full marks for this question, submityourworkings andappropriatecheckswithyourfinalspatial science assignment.

Answer:2 (A) of the spatial science assignment

Answer: 2 (b) of the spatial science assignment
The permanent committee o Geodesy is the leading the upgrade national of Australian geodetic datum and implementation of new geodetic datum in Australian states. It associate and anticipation for growing use and dependence on positioning technology. As per the spatial science assignmentthis is leading the upgrade of numerous of elements of Australia’s Geospatial reference system including static datum from GDA94 to GDA2020.

The GDA202 was officially declare as the Australia’s new geodetic datum in dec-2017. However, this is new continent fixed datum will collect the co-ordinates of the Australia’s mapping elements back into the line through the global systems in 2020. As per the spatial science assignment the modernizing of the national geodetic datum will suggest that it conventionally compatible these GNSS measurements, that will different with approximate 1.8m to GDA94 co-ordinate until 2020. The new geodetic datum is introduced and it new MGA. This could be manage over the upcoming years. In fact, the new system will have conventional impact on the engineering and construction sector but that would be significant impact over the surveyor’s control surveys which may be uses on the sites.

Answer: 3 (a) of the spatial science assignment

Answer: 3 (b)

Answer: 4 of the spatial science assignment
briefly discuss three basic entities for spatial features in your spatial science assignment? Point :
The points are dimensionless properties. It has the location but not specific size over the map. The points are usually demonstrated through symbols. For instance, poles, epicentres and centroids.
Lines :
The lines are the sequence between minimum two points. The lines could be straight, arcs and splines. As per the spatial science assignment the lines have dimensions includes length, thickness but the dimensions may or may not demonstrate the actual world. For instance, the roads, pipelines and air routes.

Area & Polygons :
The polygons are specific feature which have boundaries i.e. lines. The lines from the enclosed figure where the start and end points are same. As per the spatial science assignment the polygons have an area and perimeter but that may include enclosures and cross overs. For instance, lakes, parcels of land, suburbs, census districts and buildings. ii. Topology is a fundamental element of a GIS data structure. Provide two examples of topology rules in a vector map in your spatial science assignment.

The area edges of municipality map must not overlap.
The polygons demonstrate the property boundaries must be closed. Undershoot or overshoots of the borders lines are not permit.

b. i. List five core sets of data which are included on Multi-purpose cadastre? Discuss the role of Digital Cadastral Database (DCDB) for undertaking engineering design for utilities and asset management works in your spatial science assignment.

land right and restrictions
Population and census data
Rural and urban land use
Housing and buildings

Administration
Role of Digital Cadastral Database for undertaking engineering design for utilities; The digital cadastral database is the computerised map or spatial location demonstrate the property boundaries conventionally deal with the adjoining and other close properties or parcels of land. As per the spatial science assignment this is commonly used as the basic layer of the data uses for map based on computer programs that provides the outline of the legal elements of the property. However, by using that lines to demonstrate the area, includes specific feature such as rivers and roads can be demonstrate in relation to the property location.

three main components of GNSS system
Space segment
Control segment

User segment
i. advantages of airborne laser mapping in comparison to traditional photogrammetry
The accuracy obtain within 0.25 of inch for most laser mapping.
Accuracy over the large spaces.
Consuming lesser time spend over the site.
Automatic processing after the targets are placed and mapping started, there is less chance of error occur.
Available with auto-extraction and meshing software for point clouds.

ii. Five high resolution products of satellite image mentioned in the spatial science assignment:
Pleiades: the satellite system contain mainly two satellites i.e. Pleiades 1A and 1B. The satellite uses imaging equipment with high resolution of 0.5 m/pxl, manage in the same phased orbit, and are arranged with fiber-optic and control movement gyroscope that allows the software to deliver brilliant roll.

SPOT: 5This is contain high resolution of 2.5 m/pxl, the SPOT-5 is assembled with two optical arrangement, the stereo viewing instrument for the relief mapping, and the low-resolution instruction that provides the ecology control continuity around the globe. It is found in this spatial science assignmentthat because of high resolution and wide imaging swath in twin-instrument mode, the SPOT-5 satellite ensure perfect balance between the high resolution and wide area coverage.

KOMPSAT-3: the satellite is occupied with the push-broom imager, and able to acquiring the image through the maximum spatial resolution of 0.5 m/pxl. As per the spatial science assignment the KOMPSAT-3 provides the panchromatic optical images and ensure high resolution satellite image for the Geographical information system, as it uses for agriculture, environment, oceanography and natural disasters.
KOMPSAT-3A: the satellite has the high resolution of 0.4 m/pxl and enhance through the thermal infrared sensor and having two imaging systems. The satellite operates within the mid-wavelength infrared area of 3 to 5 at the high spatial and thermal resolution. However, the temperature-sensitive sensors can assist for monitoring of wildfires, volcanic and seismic effect.
KOMPSAT-2 For this case, the spatial resolution of 1 m/pxl, the KOMSPAT-2 is prepare to provide the high resolution image of Korean peninsula. As per the spatial science assignmentthe satellite is suitable to provide panchromatic and multispectral image, and operates in the strip mode.